{"id":1320,"date":"2026-05-10T14:57:59","date_gmt":"2026-05-10T14:57:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/?p=1320"},"modified":"2026-05-10T14:59:25","modified_gmt":"2026-05-10T14:59:25","slug":"how-transformers-work-a-complete-guide-to-electrical-energy-transfer","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/ar\/how-transformers-work-a-complete-guide-to-electrical-energy-transfer\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a: \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a 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\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0634\u0631\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"1000\" src=\"https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/10kV-S13-Energy-Efficient-Oil-Immersed-Distribution-Transformer-3.png\" alt=\"\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u062a \u0645\u063a\u0645\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 10kv s13\" class=\"wp-image-1100\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/10kV-S13-Energy-Efficient-Oil-Immersed-Distribution-Transformer-3.png 1000w, https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/10kV-S13-Energy-Efficient-Oil-Immersed-Distribution-Transformer-3-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/10kV-S13-Energy-Efficient-Oil-Immersed-Distribution-Transformer-3-100x100.png 100w, https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/10kV-S13-Energy-Efficient-Oil-Immersed-Distribution-Transformer-3-600x600.png 600w, https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/10kV-S13-Energy-Efficient-Oil-Immersed-Distribution-Transformer-3-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/www.volttansform.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/10kV-S13-Energy-Efficient-Oil-Immersed-Distribution-Transformer-3-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a. \u0648\u0638\u064a\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0628 (AC).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0647\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mfrac><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><\/msub><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/msub><\/mfrac><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>N<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><\/msub><msub><mi>N<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/msub><\/mfrac><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\frac{V_p}{V_s}=\\frac{N_p}{N_s}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Vs\u200bVp\u200b\u200b=Ns\u200bNp\u200b\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u064a\u062b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V_p<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Vp\u200b = \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>V<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">V_s<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Vs\u200b = \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>N<\/mi><mi>p<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">N_p<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Np\u200b = \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>N<\/mi><mi>s<\/mi><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">N_s<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Ns\u200b = \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f (\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f). \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0644\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 (\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0651\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u062d \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0628\u0648\u0643\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644. \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0631\u064a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629: \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 1: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a. \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u064a\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 2: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0646\u0635 \u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062f\u0627\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>E<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mo>\u2212<\/mo><mi>N<\/mi><mfrac><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a6<\/mi><\/mrow><mrow><mi>d<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/mrow><\/mfrac><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">E=-N\\frac{d\\Phi}{dt}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>E=\u2212Ndtd\u03a6\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u064a\u062b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>E<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">E<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>E = \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b\u0629 (EMF)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>N<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">N<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>N = \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">\u03a6<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\Phi<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\u03a6 = \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 3: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646. \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 4: \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a\u060c \u064a\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 (DC) \u064a\u0646\u0634\u0626 \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062d\u062b\u0627\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0632\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0634\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 95% \u0648\u0623\u062d\u064a\u0627\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 99% \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03b7<\/mi><mo>=<\/mo><mfrac><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><mi>o<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mfrac><mo>\u00d7<\/mo><mn>100<\/mn><mi mathvariant=\"normal\">%<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\eta=\\frac{P_{out}}{P_{in}}\\times100\\%<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\u03b7=Pin\u200bPout\u200b\u200b\u00d7100%<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062d\u064a\u062b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><mi>\u03b7<\/mi><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">\\eta<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>\u03b7 = \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><mi>o<\/mi><mi>u<\/mi><mi>t<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">P_{out}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Pout\u200b = \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><math xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/1998\/Math\/MathML\"><semantics><mrow><msub><mi>P<\/mi><mrow><mi>i<\/mi><mi>n<\/mi><\/mrow><\/msub><\/mrow><annotation encoding=\"application\/x-tex\">P_{in}<\/annotation><\/semantics><\/math>Pin\u200b = \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u062e\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062d\u062f\u062b \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0633<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0642\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0648\u0644\u062f \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0645\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0641\u062d\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0628\u0643\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u064b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0632\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 (CT)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f (VT)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0644\u0641\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0638\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062c\u062f\u062f\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0627\u062d\u0646<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 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class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u062c\u0647\u062f \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u062c\u0632\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u062a\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0635\u0627\u0631\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u062f\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c\u0629<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0632\u0644\u0629 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\u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0647\u064a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0648\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0648\u0645\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0633\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629. \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0624\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Transformers are among the most important devices in modern electrical systems. From power plants and industrial factories to household chargers [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1100,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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